{"id":4125,"date":"2016-01-04T08:20:48","date_gmt":"2016-01-04T13:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.andrewlawler.com\/?p=4125"},"modified":"2024-12-21T12:08:15","modified_gmt":"2024-12-21T17:08:15","slug":"saddam-husseins-yacht-is-sailing-again-with-a-new-mission","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewlawler.com\/content\/saddam-husseins-yacht-is-sailing-again-with-a-new-mission\/","title":{"rendered":"Saddam Hussein\u2019s Yacht Is Sailing Again With a New Mission"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_4126\" style=\"width: 765px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4126\" class=\"wp-image-4126 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andrewlawler.com\/website\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/01saddamyacht.adapt_.1190.750x400.jpg\" alt=\"01saddamyacht.adapt.1190.750x400\" width=\"755\" height=\"400\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The luxurious yacht was built for Saddam Hussein in a style the Wall Street Journal called &#8220;Liberace Babylon.&#8221; It features staterooms, gilt furniture, and a secret escape hatch. Photograph by Angelos Tzortzinis, AFP\/Getty<\/p><\/div>\n<p>BASRA, Iraq After three decades of being passed around by Middle Eastern monarchs, Saddam Hussein\u2019s yacht is now in the hands of Iraqi marine researchers.<\/p>\n<p>Built for the then-president\u2019s personal use in 1980, the 270-foot-long (82 meter) vessel boasts four decks, a bevy of gilt and mahogany furniture, and a secret bedroom with an escape hatch, dwarfing the two smaller boats that make up the rest of Iraq\u2019s research fleet.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt cost $25 million when it was commissioned,\u201d Captain Hussein Ghazi Khalifa said on a recent tour of the yacht that went from the cavernous engine room to the helicopter pad. \u201cNow it would cost four times that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The ship\u2019s luxurious dining, sleeping, and sitting areas have been converted to accommodate scientists, but much of the d\u00e9cor is still intact. Its period smoked glass, clunky Panasonic televisions, and rococo china cabinet, all built in a style one commentator called \u201cLiberace Babylon,\u201d remain as the recently-rechristened Basrah Breeze explores the Persian Gulf\u2019s changing biology and chemistry for the University of Basrah\u2019s Marine Science Center.<\/p>\n<p>It must be the world\u2019s most extravagantly appointed research vessel. And it took an odd combination of geopolitics, economics, and happenstance to land the Basrah Breeze in its namesake port.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4127\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4127\" class=\"wp-image-4127 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andrewlawler.com\/website\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/02saddamyacht.adapt_.590.1.jpg\" alt=\"02saddamyacht.adapt.590.1\" width=\"590\" height=\"393\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A salon is among the many luxurious rooms featured on the yacht. While some modifications have been made to accomodate researchers, much of the boat&#8217;s d\u00e9cor remains intact. Photograph by Mahan-Kalpa Khalsa<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>A Middle Eastern White Elephant<\/h2>\n<p>Even though he had it custom made for his own use, with a dozen bedrooms for guests, marble-tiled bathrooms, and a presidential suite that includes an office and a hair salon, Saddam Hussein never set foot on the yacht.<\/p>\n<p>Originally called Qadissiyat Saddam (the name is a reference to a 7th century battle in which Arabs triumphed over Persia), the boat was built in Denmark at a time when Iraq\u2014then an ally of the U.S.\u2014was locked in a bloody fight with Iran. The boat couldn\u2019t be safely delivered, and it ended up moored in Oman for years as the war dragged on.<\/p>\n<p>In the mid-1980s, Hussein gave the boat as a gift to King Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia, who Khalifa says gave it the alluring name al-Yamamah, which he translated as Woman with Big Eyes. But the boat also has a big appetite. To power its two 3,000 horsepower engines and four generators on long journeys, the ship\u2019s fuel tanks were built to hold 200 tons of diesel. At current prices, it would cost more than $100,000 to fill it up.<\/p>\n<p>Even to an oil-rich ruler like Fahid, it must\u2019ve seemed like a white elephant. He passed the ship to Jordan\u2019s King Hussein. When the king died in 1999, his successor, Abdullah II, sent the ship to the south of France under ownership of a company based in the Cayman Islands but reportedly controlled by Jordan.<\/p>\n<p>Then came the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, which resulted in Hussein\u2019s capture. He was executed three years later. In 2007, when the Cayman Islands company tried to sell the ship, the Iraqi government claimed ownership. Khalifa estimates the Iraqi government spent $1 million to secure clear title to the yacht, which a French court granted in 2008 after documents were found in the ship confirming it was still legally an Iraqi vessel.<\/p>\n<h2>A Ruler&#8217;s Folly Proves Research Boon<\/h2>\n<p>Attempts to sell the vessel foundered, and Iraqi officials had no choice but to bring it home. In 2010, the ship arrived in Basra with its current name and much fanfare.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe return of the yacht means that the people&#8217;s will is stronger than the tyrant&#8217;s,\u201d said then-Minister of Transportation Amer Abdul Jabbar at the celebration. \u201cSaddam Hussein built this yacht to be used to his own personal purposes, but here it is returned to Iraqi people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the boat didn\u2019t get much use at first. Plans to turn it into a museum of Hussein\u2019s excess\u2014or a hotel that made use of the large staterooms, each with a different color scheme\u2014were floated, but nothing came of them. The ship slowly rusted in the brackish waters of the Shatt-al-Arab on the Basra waterfront until 2014, when, according to Khalifa, well-connected professors from the University of Basra convinced the government to turn it over to them. At the time, Iraq\u2019s modest research fleet had already made some important discoveries, such as the recent find that a coral reef is growing off the Iraqi coast. That\u2019s a sign of increasingly clear and saline water at the head of the Persian Gulf, rather than the fresh and muddy outflow of the past, and it spells ill for the nation\u2019s water supply and ecosystems.<\/p>\n<p>In early 2015, the newest member of the Iraqi research fleet went on its inaugural research mission, carrying 75 Iranian, Kuwaiti, and Iraqi researchers into the Persian Gulf to study water quality and sea life. Two additional voyages have been made since. Although the decks show signs of weathering and the engine control room still uses early 1980s technology, the vessel appears surprisingly shipshape.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_4128\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4128\" class=\"wp-image-4128 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/www.andrewlawler.com\/website\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/03saddamyacht.adapt_.590.1.jpg\" alt=\"03saddamyacht.adapt.590.1\" width=\"590\" height=\"393\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-4128\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The bedroom built for Saddam Hussein is in the bow of the ship. The vessel has many additional bedrooms for guests, but they&#8217;re now being used by marine researchers. Photograph by Mahan-Kalpa Khalsa<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Ali Douabul, a marine chemist at the Marine Research Center, said he hopes to use the Basrah Breeze for further studies of the coral reef and to survey the northwestern Persian Gulf. But the pockets of an Iraqi university can\u2019t match those of an Arab monarch, even though researchers only use a small portion of the massive fuel tank for each mission.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe want to sail in 2016, but the financial crisis prevents us,\u201d Khalifa said. The captain added that he hope that international cooperation with wealthier countries along the Persian Gulf could help by splitting the fuel bill.<\/p>\n<p>Sitting at the helm, looking across the sprawling city below, he sighed and looked wistful. \u201cI love the sea,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s so much better on the open water. You are free from all the problems of the Earth.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>He just needs someone to help fill the tank.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>BASRA, Iraq After three decades of being passed around by  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-national-geographic"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Saddam Hussein\u2019s Yacht Is Sailing Again With a New Mission &#8226; Andrew Lawler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"BASRA, Iraq After three decades of being passed around by Middle Eastern monarchs, Saddam Hussein\u2019s yacht is now in the hands of Iraqi marine researchers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/history\/article\/160104-saddam-hussein-boat-research-iraq#:~:text=Saddam%20Hussein's%20Yacht%20Is%20Sailing%20Again%20With%20a%20New%20Mission&text=The%20luxurious%20yacht%20was%20built,and%20a%20secret%20escape%20hatch.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Saddam Hussein\u2019s Yacht Is Sailing Again With a New Mission &#8226; 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